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United Suvadive Republic (Maldives)

Ekuveri Suvaidib Jumhouriyya

Last modified: 2017-01-08 by ivan sache
Keywords: suvadiva | united suvadive republic |
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Flag

Flag of the United Suvadive Republic - Image by Ivan Sache, 31 March 2007


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Presentation of the United Suvadive Republic

The short-lived "United Suvadive Republic" was composed of the three atolls of Addu, Huvadu and Fua Mulaku. Suvadiva is an alternative name for Huvadu Atoll, sometimes the One and a half degree Channel is called Suvadiva channel.
For ages, the affluent merchants from the southern atolls of Addu and Huvadu had been trading directly with Ceylon and the East Indies, which prevented the Maldive authorities from taxing that trade, which did not pass through Malé, the capital of the Maldives. After the Second World War, the British diplomats stationed in Colombo, upon request of the Maldive authorities, imposed passports and visas issued in Malé to Maldivians travelling to the British possessions. This control, as well as the enforcement of the poll and land tax, was bitterly resented in the southern atolls. The Maldive authorities imposed a ban on trade between the British troops stationed in Addu and the locals, causing the wrath of the Addu aristocracy and a riot severely repressed by the government militia.
The Brits left the atoll in 1944 but came back in 1957 because of the Cold War. The ban on trade was reimposed by the authorities. The civilian British contractor expected a 100-year lease of land in Hithadoo to build a staging post, which was difficult to obtain legally; accordingly, he spread the idea of breaking away from the Malé rulers and employed several Addus, significantly increasing their income. In 1958, the new Prime Minister of the Maldives ordered to stop all construction in Addu. Riots broke out in Hithadoo; on 3 January 1959, the independence was proclaimed and Abdulla Afeel Didi was appointed head of state upon British recommendation. The prosperity of Addu encouraged rebellion in the two neighbouring atolls of Fua Mulaku and Huvadu, which joined Addu to form the United Suvadive Republic on 13 March 1959. The Huvadu rebellion was suppressed in July 1959 by a gunboat commanded personally by the Prime Minister; a British regiment prevented any action in Addu.
In 1960, the Brits withdrew their support to the rebellion but the Suvadive Republic resisted. A new revolt in Huvadu was suppressed in 1961; the population was dispersed and the leaders of the rebellion most all died in jail in Malé. Britain was more and more internationally embarrassed by the secessionists; on 22 September 1963, the British political agent in Addu spelt out an ultimatum to the people of Maradoo to hoist the Maldive flag. A man found the design of the flag in a book and made it with bunting supplied by the British. At 3 AM on 23 September 1963, the Suvadive flag was cut down and the Maldive flag hoisted over Maradoo. Following Maradoo's capitulation, the British quickly spread the word that only those who were under the sovereign authority of the Sultan of the Maldives would be employed in British facilities. That was the final blow on the United Suvadive Republic.
The Sultan proclaimed a general pardon and no punitive action was taken by his government against anyone in Addu following the collapse of the United Suvadive Republic. Afeef Didi was later pardoned by the President of the Republic; he visited Addu once before he died in the Seychelles.
[Maldives Royal Family website]

Ivan Sache & Johnny Andersson, 31 March 2007


Flag of the United Suvadive Republic

A photo of President Afif of the Suvadive Islands (1959-1963), taken at a state ceremony in Hitadu Island, Addu Atoll at the beginning of 1960, shows in the background the flag of the Suvadive Republic. The flag is horizontally divided dark blue-green-red. The (relatively large) stars and the small crescent moon are white. Note that the centers of the stars are exactly aligned in diagonal.

Xavier Romero-Friars, 5 April 2004


Erroneous depictions of the flag of the United Suvadive Republic

Flag         Flag

Erroneous depictions of the flag of the United Suvadive Republic
Left, as shown by Barraclough - Image by António Martins, 28 December 2016
Right, as shown in the Flags of Aspirant Peoples chart - Image by Ivan Sache, 6 July 2000

Quoting Barraclough's Flags of the World [c2b81]:

Whilst the British were in occupation of Gan the people of Addu and the southern group of islands formed the United Suvadivian (sic) Republic with a flag of its own, in opposition to the Maldives government. The flag was horizontally blue, green and red, with a crescent and star over all in the centre and a star in the upper hoist and lower fly, all in white. The breakaway state was suppressed in late 1963.

Mark Sensen, 23 July 1996

The Flags of Aspirant Peoples chart [eba94] shows a slightly different flag as #146, with the following caption:

UNITED SUVADIVIAN REPUBLIC
Early 1960s
South Maldives Islands

The positions of the stars are lower hoist - center - upper fly, thus forming an ascending line.

Harald Müeller, 27 July 1996